ブラウザは同志をどのように助けますか

, , « Linux» ( ), ( inode , ) , . , , «» «», , , GNU/Linux, 10 , , , , wget (curl ), Linux (, , MacOS), . : getfattr google «»: site:https://habr.com getfattr, : site:https://linux.org.ru getfattr . «» —  — « ». — , , -. :



*. - . .

, Chromium- ( lxc- Chrome, Chromium, Yandex Opera) , , :

i@ars:~$ getfattr -d logo.png 
# file: logo.png
user.xdg.origin.url="https://habr.com/images/logo.png"
user.xdg.referrer.url="https://habr.com/images/logo.png"

, «» / «private browsing»

? , . , . Firefox Palemoon — . - , , , Chromium , .

MacOS Windows. «» Chrome:

iMac-Igor:~ [censored]$ xattr -l habr_logo.png 
com.apple.metadata:kMDItemWhereFroms:
00000000  62 70 6C 69 73 74 30 30 A2 01 02 5F 10 20 68 74  |bplist00..._. ht|
00000010  74 70 73 3A 2F 2F 68 61 62 72 2E 63 6F 6D 2F 69  |tps://habr.com/i|
00000020  6D 61 67 65 73 2F 6C 6F 67 6F 2E 70 6E 67 5F 10  |mages/logo.png_.|
00000030  20 68 74 74 70 73 3A 2F 2F 68 61 62 72 2E 63 6F  | https://habr.co|
00000040  6D 2F 69 6D 61 67 65 73 2F 6C 6F 67 6F 2E 70 6E  |m/images/logo.pn|
00000050  67 08 0B 2E 00 00 00 00 00 00 01 01 00 00 00 00  |g...............|
00000060  00 00 00 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |................|
00000070  00 00 00 51                                      |...Q|
00000074
com.apple.quarantine: 0001;5c8a21e7;Google Chrome;26D6C537-E6B0-4715-9E77-656FF1C5B7A9

… Safari. FF , , Firefox MacOS «», Linux.

, « » «» .. … … Windows.

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UPD*
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: Linux, MacOS Windows , Chrome Chromium-based, .

Linux'e Google Chrome : user.xdg.origin.url user.xdg.referrer.url
Linux, 2002 xattr[Wikipedia], FS: ext2, ext3, ext4, Squashfs, ReiserFS, XFS, Btrfs, ZFS. , ( namespaces), SELinux- «» freedesktop.org (, MIME type ) [].

. , , Chrome, Chromium, Yandex, Opera, Firefox' wget, , : curl, Beagle, OpenStack Swift, Dropbox, KDE. wget 1.20.1 ( 1.19 — , curl, wiki — ). -, ). Firefox Linux, , , MacOS Windows, — . , - Apple Microsoft.

, Linux . , . : 255 64KB . (XFS and ReiserFS), (ext2/3/4 btrfs).

MacOS Windows FS HFS+ NTFS. , - , . Ubuntu 18.10 Nautilus , attr, attr- (getfattr setfattr ). Finder cmd+I, xattr. Windows, , ( ), powershell streams:

victoriously:

     powershell   streams.  .

streams [-s] [-d] <  >

. , Linux , — -. , ReiserFS -->

/etc/fstab

mount -o nouser_xattr

-, , , , (SELinux, LXC). (--> )

/ powershell:

Linux:

setfattr -hx user.xdg.origin.url _

MacOS:

xattr -c -r ~/Downloads

Windows:

get-childitem «D:\Downloads\» | unblock-file

:
( Linux c 2002 ) , . - 2015-2016 . , , 2015 , ( 10.6.8) . - Debian (8-) . .

Windows —  , , «» W10 W7, W_XP ;)

: , , , . , Linux wget :

* Changes in Wget 1.20.1

** --xattr is no longer default since it introduces privacy issues.

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UPDATE 2
Chromium Linux user.xdg.origin.url user.xdg.referrer.url xattrs .
chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/1407441