, Fabien Potencier, Symfony. PHP Twig — .
-----------------------------------------------------------------------, PHP ? … . . PHP , .
-, . , Symfony,
Sensio MVC . , . ( ) - () .
.
,
.
PHP
, , , « PHP». , .
PHP () ?
PHP ? - , PHP -, . PHP , , ? .
1995 ,
PHP/FI:
<!--include /text/header.html-->
<!--getenv HTTP_USER_AGENT-->
<!--ifsubstr $exec_result Mozilla-->
Hey, you are using Netscape!<p>
<!--endif-->
<!--sql database select * from table where user='$username'-->
<!--ifless $numentries 1-->
Sorry, that record does not exist<p>
<!--endif exit-->
Welcome <!--$user-->!<p>
You have <!--$index:0--> credits left in your account.<p>
<!--include /text/footer.html-->
,
PHP .Django .
:
PHP . 14 (,
<?= ):
<?php echo $var ?>
PHP (, )
<?php echo htmlspecialchars($var, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8') ?>
Django:
{{ var }}
{{ var|escape }}, . , , . , PHP :
<?php if ($items): ?>
<?php foreach ($items as $item): ?>
* <?php echo $item ?>
<?php endforeach; ?>
<?php else: ?>
No item has been found.
<?php endif; ?>Django —
else for:
{% for item in items %}
* {{ item }}
{% else %}
No item has been found.
{% endfor %}PHP . 5- ,
, . .. , — .
Django
, :
<!-- base.html -->
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
{% block head %}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="main.css" />
{% endblock %}
</head>
<body>
{% block content %}{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>
<!-- index.html -->
{% extends "base.html" %}
{% block head %}
{{ block.super }}
<link rel="stylesheet" href="main.css" />
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
Index content
{% endblock %}, . , «-».
PHP . , :
<?php echo htmlspecialchars($var, ENT_QUOTES, 'UTF-8') ?>
, , :
<?php echo e($var) ?>
, , , XSS CSRF .
, Symfony (2006); :
Django 1.0, Ruby on Rails 3.
(?) . :
{% autoescape off %}
{{ object.as_html }}
{% endautoescape %}
{{ object.as_html|safe }}
, . JavaScript, .
«»
(, ). , . «» : / , . .
PHP, Django , .
PHP
. , . , .
PHP , «». . . .
Smarty Smarty 3
. Django «»
Smarty. Smarty - PHP.
Hello {$name|escape}
{section name=item loop=$items}
{$items[item]|escape}
{/section}Smarty :
, Smarty 3 - :
, ( )
PHPTAL
PHPTAL , Zope. , , -HTML , , RSS .
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<html>
<body>
Hello <span tal:content="name" />
<ul tal:repeat="item items">
<li tal:content="item"></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>-, , :
<html metal:use-macro="layout.xml/main">
<body metal:fill-slot="content">
Hello <span tal:content="name" />
<ul tal:repeat="a array">
<li tal:content="a"></li>
</ul>
</body>
</html><html metal:define-macro="main">
<metal:block define-slot="content"/>
</html>
« » HTML .
eZ Components Templates
eZ Components . … , :
{use $name}
{use $items}
Hello {$name}
{foreach $items as $item}
* {$item}
{/foreach}, . , .
Dwoo
Dwoo — , , . Smarty. :
<html>
<body>
{block "content"}{/block}
</body>
</html>{extends "layout.tpl"}
{block "content"}
{include("basic.tpl")}
{/block}Dwoo Smarty, , , , Smarty.
, Dwoo «» .
Calypso
Calypso Django PHP. .. Django .
.
Twig
PHP , Django. «» Twig.
Armin Ronacher, of
Jinja ( Python). Jinja. Twig Jinja, Django,
.
Twig 2008
Chypr. Python.
, . Calypso Twig PHP-. . , . , «» «» .
, .
. : , PHPDoc; :
- ( )
- ( — )
- «» ( , )
- : , , ; AST (Abstract Syntax Tree) (?) . — DSL (Domain Specific Language), .
Twig , .
| () | () | |
|---|
| Twig | 3 | 1 190 | 3 333 |
| PHPTAL | 3.8 | 2 100 | 2 632 |
| Dwoo | 6.9 | 1 870 | 1 449 |
| Smarty 2 | 12.9 | 2 350 | 775 |
| Smarty 3 | 14.9 | 3 230 | 671 |
| Calypso | 34.3 | 620 | 292 |
| eZ Templates | 53 | 5 850 | 189 |
1 , . — 10 ; 1 10 000 (). , (header) (footer) , , .
, , , Twig .
| () |
|---|
| Twig | 383 |
| PHPTAL | 598 |
| Dwoo | 1 645 |
| Smarty 2 | 1 634 |
| Smarty 3 | 1 790 |
| Calypso | 614 |
| eZ Templates | 2 783 |
,
,
.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------. , . Twig, .
: .